| 单词 | 辱骂性 |
| 释义 | 〔scold〕Revile andvituperate especially stress the use of disparaging or abusive language: Revile 和vituperate 特别强调用贬损性或辱骂性的语言： 〔vituperate〕To rebuke or criticize harshly or abusively; berate.See Synonyms at scold 谩骂，辱骂：严厉地或辱骂性地批评或指责；斥责 参见 scold〔scold〕A scold is no poet and a scolding is not poetry, at least to the one being scolded,but it seems that the wordscold has a poetic background. It is probable thatscold, which is first recorded in Middle English in a work probably composed around 1150, has a Scandinavian source that is related to the Old Icelandic wordskāld, "poet.” Middle Englishscolde may in fact mean "a minstrel,” but of that we are not sure.However, its Middle English meanings, "a ribald, abusive person" and "a shrewish, chiding woman,”may be related toskāld, as shown by the senses of some of the Old Icelandic words derived fromskāld. Old Icelandicskāldskapr, for example, meant "poetry" in a good sense but also "a libel in verse,” whileskāld-stöng meant "a pole with imprecations or charms scratched on it.” It would seem that libelous, cursing verse was a noted part of at least some poets' productions and that this association with poets passed firmly along with the Scandinavian borrowing into English.骂人者不是诗人，谩骂不是诗，至少对被骂的人来说是这样的，但是scold 这个词似乎有着诗的背景。 Scold 这个词在中世纪英语中第一次被记录在一部大约于1150年创作的作品中，它有可能源于斯堪的纳维亚语， 与skald 这个在冰岛古语中表示“诗人”的词有关。 中世纪英语中的scolde 实际上可能意为“吟游诗人”， 但对此没有肯定说法。然而，它在中世纪英语中的意思是“说脏话、辱骂人的人”和“悍泼的、好骂人的女人”，可能与skald 有关， 如一些起源于skald 的冰岛古词语的意思显示的那样。 例如，古冰岛语中的skaldskapr 其褒义为“诗”，但也有“诽谤性的诗”的意思, 而skald-stong 意思是“刻有诅咒或符咒的杆子”。 看来，诽谤、辱骂性的诗歌至少是一些诗人作品突出的部分并与诗人这种联系稳步地随斯堪的纳维亚语被借入英语中〔slang〕To attack with abusive language; vituperate.谩骂：用辱骂性的语言攻击；谩骂〔vituperative〕Using, containing, or marked by harshly abusive censure.谩骂的：使用、包含或带有尖刻的辱骂性责备的〔roast〕A facetious tribute, usually in the form of a banquet, in which the honoree's friends and acquaintances alternate short speeches of praise and insult.开玩笑：通常指宴会上受奖赏人的朋友和熟人轮流作的简短的赞美或辱骂性讲话等诙谐的言辞〔vituperation〕The act or an instance of vituperating; abusive censure.谩骂，辱骂：责骂的行为或实例；辱骂性的责备〔slang〕To use angry and abusive language:谩骂：使用恼怒的并有辱骂性的语言：〔vituperate〕To use harshly abusive language; rail.咒骂：使用十分刻薄的辱骂性语言；责骂 |
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